Fibromyalgia

Definition

What is fibromyalgia?

Fibromyalgia, also known as fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS), is a chronic, non-inflammatory disease that affects the musculoskeletal system. It is a complex clinical picture that is primarily characterized by generalized pain processing in the body. People with fibromyalgia experience persistent physical stress, which often affects their entire everyday life and can limit their quality of life.

Fibromyalgia is one of the so-called functional somatic syndromes and is now recognized as an independent disease. It occurs in millions of people worldwide and mainly affects women, but can also affect men and children. The term comes from Latin and Greek and means "fiber-muscle pain".

Fibromyalgia is characterized by the fact that no organic causes or visible inflammatory processes in the tissue can be detected. Nevertheless, fibromyalgia is considered a physically real disease that is taken seriously medically. The diagnosis of fibromyalgia is based on certain criteria and a comprehensive clinical assessment by specialists or specialized therapists. As the symptoms of fibromyalgia can be very individual, an interdisciplinary approach to care is often useful. Different medical specialties, such as rheumatology, pain therapy, physiotherapy or psychosomatics, often work closely together to ensure the best possible fibromyalgia therapy for those affected.

Fibromyalgia is not life-threatening, but it can be chronic and persist for years. According to current knowledge, fibromyalgia cannot be cured. However, with a holistic approach to treatment, fibromyalgia symptoms can be reduced and a significant improvement in quality of life can be achieved.

Cause of fibromyalgia

The exact causes of fibromyalgia are still not fully understood. However, researchers assume that it is a multifactorial disease - meaning that various biological, genetic, psychological and environmental factors can contribute to the development of fibromyalgia.

A central role in the causes of fibromyalgia is thought to be played by a disorder of pain processing in the central nervous system. In people with fibromyalgia syndrome, stimuli that are not normally perceived as painful appear to be over-processed in the brain. This misguided pain processing could be due to a dysfunction in stimulus processing or pain modulation.

Genetic factors could also play a role. Studies show that fibromyalgia occurs more frequently in some families. This indicates a possible inherited predisposition. Certain gene variants could increase sensitivity to pain or influence the way the body reacts to stress. Another possible trigger for fibromyalgia is chronic stress or psychological strain over a long period of time. Traumatic experiences, such as accidents, operations or emotional shocks, have been reported in many sufferers before the first onset of the disease. Long-term stress, burnout, anxiety disorders or depression can also be considered possible contributory factors.

It is also being discussed whether hormonal imbalances (e.g. an imbalance of stress hormones such as cortisol), changes in the neurotransmitter balance (e.g. serotonin, dopamine), and other factors can contribute to the onset of the disease. Infections such as the Epstein-Barr virus, Lyme disease or other viral or bacterial diseases are also being discussed as possible triggers. In some cases, fibromyalgia syndrome appears to occur for the first time after a serious physical illness. Overall, the causes of fibromyalgia are a complex interplay of various factors. Research is still underway to better understand the exact mechanisms and to derive targeted therapeutic approaches.

Symptoms of fibromyalgia

The symptoms of fibromyalgia are varied and can differ greatly from person to person. Among other things, they depend on the individual's perception of pain, psychological stress factors, general health and lifestyle. The disease is characterized by chronic pain, particularly in muscles and tendons, as well as a range of other physical and psychological complaints. Fibromyalgia cannot be detected by imaging techniques such as X-ray or MRI, as there are no structural changes. Fibromyalgia is usually diagnosed through a careful clinical examination and the exclusion of other diseases. The most common symptoms of fibromyalgia are listed below. However, it is important to note that atypical symptoms can also occur and the list is not exhaustive.

• Chronic fibromyalgia Pain all over the body: Diffuse, long-lasting pain in muscles, tendons and joints - without an inflammatory cause. Several areas of the body are often affected at the same time.
• Morning stiffness: Those affected often feel stiff and immobile after waking up. This feeling can last from minutes to hours.
• Increased sensitivity to pressure: Even slight pressure on certain parts of the body (so-called tender points) can be perceived as painful.
• Sleep disorders: Many people with fibromyalgia syndrome have difficulty falling asleep or sleeping through the night. Sleep is often not perceived as restful.
• Constant tiredness / exhaustion (fatigue): Despite getting enough sleep, sufferers often feel weak and lacking in energy. This chronic tiredness severely impairs everyday life.
• Concentration and memory problems ("fibro fog"): Mental performance may be impaired - e.g. due to forgetfulness, difficulty concentrating or slow thinking.
• Headaches and migraines: Tension headaches or migraine-like complaints occur frequently - often in combination with neck or shoulder pain.
• Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS): Many sufferers complain of digestive problems such as bloating, diarrhea or constipation. These symptoms can alternate.
• Fibromyalgia and breathing difficulties: Shortness of breath (difficulty breathing) can be a symptom of fibromyalgia. Many people with fibromyalgia report shortness of breath or the feeling of not getting enough air.
• Sensory disturbances (paraesthesia): Tingling, numbness or a burning sensation in the hands, feet or other parts of the body are common.
• Depressive moods: Persistent fibromyalgia pain and exhaustion can place a heavy burden on the psyche. Many sufferers develop depressive symptoms or anxiety.
• Increased sensitivity to the weather: changes in temperature, air pressure or humidity can exacerbate the symptoms. Many people report an increase in pain due to the weather.
• Dizziness and balance disorders: A feeling of unsteadiness when walking or sudden dizziness are not uncommon.
• Trembling or muscle twitching: Involuntary trembling or twitching in muscles can occur with fibromyalgia - often without any recognizable cause.
• Cold and heat abnormalities: Those affected often have cold hands or feet or a disturbed sense of temperature. Sometimes cold or heat is perceived as unpleasantly painful.
• Bladder irritation syndrome / irritable bladder: Frequent urge to urinate without infection can occur - combined with the feeling of never being able to empty the bladder completely.
• Dry eyes or dry mouth: These fibromyalgia symptoms in the eyes and mouth sometimes resemble Sjögren's syndrome and can further impair well-being.
• Feeling of restlessness or inner nervousness: A constant feeling of inner tension or "not being able to calm down" is a frequently described accompanying symptom.

Conventional therapies - what helps with fibromyalgia

Various conventional therapeutic approaches are available to treat fibromyalgia. The aim is to alleviate fibromyalgia symptoms - in particular pain, fatigue and sleep disorders - and improve the quality of life of those affected. Some proven fibromyalgia therapies are presented below. The list is not exhaustive, as different measures may be useful depending on the individual severity and accompanying illnesses. A combination of several forms of therapy is often recommended. A medical consultation is essential in order to find the right fibromyalgia therapy for each individual case.

• Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT): a form of psychotherapy that helps to change negative thought patterns and the way we deal with fibromyalgia pain - promotes active pain management.
• Drug therapy: use of antidepressants, anticonvulsants or painkillers to relieve pain and sleep disorders.
• Exercise therapy: Regular physical activity (e.g. walking, light endurance training) has been shown to be a suitable fibromyalgia therapy to improve pain perception, mood and stamina.
• Relaxation techniques: Methods such as progressive muscle relaxation, autogenic training or meditation help to reduce stress, which can increase pain.
• Sleep hygiene: measures to improve sleep behavior, as fibromyalgia is often associated with non-restorative sleep.
• Nutritional therapy: An adapted, anti-inflammatory diet can help to alleviate symptoms of fibromyalgia - e.g. less sugar, more omega-3 fatty acids.
• Physiotherapy: Targeted exercises, heat treatments or massages can relieve muscle tension and promote mobility.
• Patient education: Information about the disease, self-management strategies and practical tips for everyday life strengthen self-competence.
• Occupational therapy: Helps to cope better with everyday life, make ergonomic adjustments and avoid excessive demands.
• Cold or heat therapy: Applications such as heat packs or cooling gels can relieve local pain and improve circulation.
• Music or art therapy: creative forms of expression promote emotional well-being and help to deal with chronic pain.
• Aromatherapy: Use of essential oils to promote relaxation and pain relief, often in addition to massage or meditation.
• Acupuncture: Traditional Chinese technique in which fine needles are inserted into certain points of the body to regulate energy flows.
• Biofeedback: A procedure in which bodily functions such as heart rate or muscle tension are visualized in order to better control them.
• TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation): Electrical impulses stimulate nerves via the skin and can thus reduce the transmission of pain.
• Balneotherapy: Baths in thermal or mineral water (e.g. sulphur or brine baths) can relieve pain and muscle tension.
• Yoga or Tai Chi: gentle forms of movement with a focus on breathing, mindfulness and body awareness - improve flexibility and stress management.

kybun mode of action - what helps with fibromyalgia

The kybun products specifically address where many problems of people with fibromyalgia begin: restricted movement, muscle tension and permanent overloading of the musculoskeletal system. Thanks to the elastic, springy sole, kybun shoes relieve the body on the one hand and stimulate natural, active movement on the other. This special combination can help to relieve muscular tension in fibromyalgia, gently mobilize the joints and promote blood circulation. At the same time, the unstable walking on the elastic, springy material trains the deep muscles, which can contribute to better posture and reduced pain perception. The kybun shoes are therefore intended to offer a solution for treating fibromyalgia itself. The most important effects of kybun products on fibromyalgia are outlined below.

• Promoting physical activity and reducing sedentary behavior

  Regular exercise and a reduction in sedentary activities are key components of fibromyalgia treatment. Studies and experience reports show that physical activity can help to relieve chronic fibromyalgia pain, improve mobility and reduce fatigue. Inactivity, on the other hand, can lead to muscle breakdown, increased stiffness and increased sensitivity to pain. The elastic, springy kybun products promote the joy of movement, as the dynamic standing and walking on the soft material gently activates and simultaneously relieves the entire musculoskeletal system. The continuous, joint-friendly activation of the muscles promotes blood circulation, relieves tension and improves body awareness. In addition, kybun products help to reduce the amount of time spent sitting in everyday life - an important factor in improving the quality of life with fibromyalgia. The positive effects of promoting movement with kybun products are shown below.

• Activates and strengthens the muscles thanks to its elastic and resilient properties

  An elastic, springy surface like that of kybun products can promote muscular activation and strengthening in a gentle but sustainable way - a decisive advantage for fibromyalgia, where muscle tension, general weakness and pain are often at the forefront. When walking and standing on the unstable material, numerous small balancing movements must be performed to maintain balance. This muscle activation particularly affects the deep muscles in the feet, legs, pelvis and torso, i.e. precisely those muscle groups that are responsible for posture, stability and coordination of movement.
  This gentle but constant activation can relieve muscle tension, promote blood circulation and improve body awareness - which can have a positive effect on the perception of pain in fibromyalgia syndrome. The role of the feet is particularly important here: As the basis of posture, they directly influence the statics of the entire body. Activated and strengthened foot muscles have a stabilizing effect on the knees, hips and back and can reduce poor posture, which is often associated with additional symptoms of fibromyalgia.
  In addition, the controlled sinking of the feet into the elastic, springy kybun material causes myofascial tension, which leads to improved muscle coordination and increased body awareness. These factors are essential for increasing general resilience and reducing typical fibromyalgia pain in the long term.

Balance and EMG

The ability to maintain balance was measured with a force plate by moving the body's center of gravity from front to back (ant-post) and sideways (med-lat) when standing. At the same time, muscular activity was recorded using electromyography (EMG).

• Reduction of the force exerted by hard, flat floors due to damping effect

  Hard, flat floors transfer impact forces directly via the soles of the feet to the knees, hips and the entire spine with every step. In people with fibromyalgia, these continuous micro-loads can lead to additional irritation of the already sensitive pain system and increase muscle tension and joint pain. The elastic, springy sole of kybun shoes specifically counteracts this effect: When the heel strikes the ground, the foot gently sinks into the material, absorbing some of the impact energy and significantly reducing the strain on the musculoskeletal system.
  The so-called rebound effect of the kybun sole - the gentle springing back after sinking in - enables a more even distribution of force when walking. This protects sensitive joints and relieves overstressed structures such as muscles, tendons and fasciae. Especially in the case of fibromyalgia, where overstimulation of the muscular and fascial system often plays a central role, this gentle cushioning can minimize the pain stimulus and the movement can be perceived as less stressful.
  In addition, the slow sinking of the heel gives the body more time to activate stabilizing muscle groups. The resulting basic tension improves joint guidance and supports gentle, joint-friendly movement. This combination of shock absorption and muscular stabilization can help to reduce pain, facilitate movement and promote physical well-being in fibromyalgia syndrome in the long term.

• Natural foot roll thanks to muscle activation and roll-off function

  When the heel strikes the ground in kybun shoes, the foot slowly sinks into the elastic, springy material. This delayed sinking not only reduces the sudden application of force, but also gives the muscles time to actively adjust to the load. The targeted activation of the foot muscles stabilizes the arch of the foot and enables a natural, controlled rolling motion - from heel strike via the midfoot to push-off via the forefoot.
  This guided rolling motion can provide valuable support, particularly for fibromyalgia sufferers, where neuromuscular coordination is often impaired and even everyday movements are perceived as unpleasant or painful. Gentle activation during walking prevents the collapsed foot effect, which reduces postural dysfunction and restores natural gait dynamics. The active rolling motion also promotes a more fluid movement and efficiently transfers the forces acting on the foot into the forward movement - instead of transferring them to the joints and muscles without damping.
  The resulting range of motion in the foot, knee, hip and spine joints results in a better distribution of the load throughout the body. Particularly valuable for fibromyalgia: the resulting stimulated rotation in the upper body creates a gentle mobilization of the spine, which improves the supply to the intervertebral discs and blood circulation in the surrounding tissue. Overall, natural rolling with kybun not only helps to relieve overloaded structures, but also to promote a healthy, rhythmic movement pattern - which can have a positive long-term effect on pain perception, mobility and well-being.

• Optimized pressure distribution

  The elastic, springy kybun products surround the entire sole of the foot evenly, ensuring optimized pressure distribution when walking and standing. Especially in the case of fibromyalgia, where many sufferers suffer from painful pressure points, increased sensitivity to pressure and muscular overload, this even distribution of pressure can lead to significant relief. By reducing localized peak loads, sensitive structures such as muscles, tendons, joints and fasciae are protected.
  The soft, reactive sole allows the tread surface to adapt dynamically with every step. This increases the surface area over which the body weight is distributed and reduces pressure points - for example in the heel, ball of the foot or metatarsal heads. This not only relieves pain, but also promotes a more natural posture and sequence of movements, which can counteract incorrect loading and tension in the entire musculoskeletal system in the long term.
  The optimized pressure distribution of kybun products offers noticeable relief, particularly for fibromyalgia, where even light loads can be perceived as uncomfortable. It allows for gentler, more comfortable walking and standing - without overstimulating the already sensitive structures. This improves the experience of movement and breaks the vicious circle of pain, relieving posture and lack of movement.

• Care and protection of the facia

  Walking on the elastic, springy surface of kybun products can contribute significantly to the care and protection of the fascia - a key aspect of fibromyalgia treatment, as fascial tension and adhesions are often associated with chronic pain. Fasciae are fine but resilient connective tissue structures that envelop and connect muscles, organs and joints and ensure the distribution of tension and mobility. They are particularly sensitive to lack of movement, monotonous strain or stress - typical factors that often occur in fibromyalgia syndrome.
  The springy movement when walking in kybun shoes generates gentle, rhythmic impulses that stimulate the fascial tissue. This stimulates blood circulation, improves fluid exchange and supports the removal of metabolic waste. These processes help to loosen or prevent adhesions and hardening in the fasciae. At the same time, the dynamic stress maintains the elasticity and gliding ability of the fascial network, which promotes mobility and can reduce fibromyalgia pain.
  A well-maintained, elastic fascial network also supports the even distribution of force in the body and relieves overstressed structures such as muscles, joints and the spine. Particularly in the case of fibromyalgia, where many complaints can be attributed to impaired fascial tension, gentle mobilization with kybun can help to relieve pain, improve the flow of movement and have a positive effect on general body awareness. Regular use of kybun products therefore not only promotes the joy of movement, but also the long-term health of the connective tissue.

• Improved circulation through increased physical activity

  Walking and standing on the elastic, springy surface of kybun products promotes natural movement activity - a key factor for the circulation of the entire musculoskeletal system. Particularly in the case of fibromyalgia, where reduced microcirculation and reduced tissue perfusion are frequently observed, gently stimulated, rhythmic movement can make a decisive contribution to alleviating symptoms. The increased activity on the elastic, springy sole stimulates the muscle pump, improves venous return and promotes the supply of oxygen and nutrients to muscles, fascia and joints.
  This improved blood circulation supports tissue regeneration, the removal of metabolic products and can help to relieve chronic muscle tension - a typical symptom of fibromyalgia. The indirect supply of less perfused structures, such as the intervertebral discs or deep layers of fascia, also benefits from the increased metabolic activity caused by exercise. At the same time, thermoregulation and tissue elasticity are improved, which can lead to a more pleasant body sensation and increased enjoyment of movement.
  Overall, the use of kybun products promotes better blood circulation through activity integrated into everyday life - without any excessive strain. This can help to increase physical resilience, reduce pain and sustainably improve the quality of life of people with fibromyalgia.

Application tips for fibromyalgia

Before you wear kybun shoes for the first time, you should consider a few tips on how to use them. Correct use can help to alleviate fibromyalgia pain.

• Start with short periods of wear and increase these gradually. At the beginning, only wear kybun shoes for as long as your body allows. The body, especially the muscles and nervous system, need time to get used to the elastic, springy surface. Take breaks if the symptoms of fibromyalgia become more severe or the musculoskeletal system becomes fatigued. The activating properties of kybun products train the muscles, which can lead to so-called initial reactions, especially at the beginning.
• Actively press your heel into the elastic, springy material during heel strike and feel the cushioning properties of kybun shoes. The cushioning is designed to cushion and reduce the impact on the body, which reduces the strain on muscles, tendons, ligaments, fasciae, joints and bones.
• Slowly roll your foot from the heel to the midfoot to the forefoot. Avoid tense or abrupt movements - even movements help to distribute muscle tension better.
• To begin with, take shorter steps rather than big lunges - this helps with stability and coordination. This avoids overloading your knees, hips or back.
• Over time, try to roll as actively as possible over the forefoot. By increasing the range of motion of the feet, more movement is generated in all joints, which helps with tension and stiffness in particular. If active rolling is not possible due to blockages or other deficits, reduce the rolling movement over the forefoot.